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Veröffentlicht am Juli 19, 2022
Kommentare 1.538

C02 durch den Bau neuer Straßen speichern

von Redaktion LIFECHANGE.AT

Carbon Crusher, ein norwegisches Startup, „zerstört“ alte Straßen und baut diese wieder auf, um darin Kohlenstoff zu speichern. Zur Stabilisierung von Straßen verzichtet das Unternehmen auf Bitumen, ein Nebenprodukt von Rohöl, und verwendet stattdessen Lignin, das aus Bäumen gewonnen wird.

Etwa ein Fünftel der weltweiten Treibhausgasemissionen stammen aus dem Verkehr – und etwa 72 % davon stammen von Straßenfahrzeugen. Entscheidend für die Reduzierung dieser straßengebundenen Emissionen war die Elektrifizierung von Fahrzeugen. Oft jedoch wird übersehen, dass die Straßen selbst für Veränderungen reif sind.

World Changing Ideas

„Seit der Römerzeit gab es im Straßenbau nicht viel Innovation“, sagt Haakon Brunell, Gründer und CEO von Carbon Crusher, in seinem Podcast „World Changing Ideas“. Das norwegische Unternehmen repariert Straßen mit einer CO2-negativen Methode. Das ist von entscheidender Bedeutung ist, da der herkömmliche Prozess sehr CO2-intensiv ist. Gemäß Studien setzt der Bau einer einspurigen Straße zwischen 1.400 und 2.300 Tonnen CO2 frei, noch bevor eine Wartung oder Rekonstruktion stattfindet. Das liegt zum Teil daran, dass Straßenmaterialien mit Bitumen verbunden werden, einer klebrigen, schwärzlichen Substanz, die ein Nebenprodukt von Rohöl ist.

Carbon Crusher baut neue Straßen und repariert alte und beschädigte Straßen, und zwar unter Verwendung von Lignin, einem organischen Polymer, das in Bäumen vorkommt und zu einem Abfallprodukt der Papierherstellung wird (und das dann oft verbrannt wird und mehr Emissionen erzeugt). Dieses „grüne Kohlenstoffbindemittel“, wie das Unternehmen es nennt, enthält Kohlenstoff aus seinem natürlichen Leben und bindet weiterhin Kohlenstoff in den Straßen.

„All den Kohlenstoff, den die Bäume im Laufe ihres Lebens aufgenommen haben, nutzen wir für die Straßen“, sagt Brunell. Das Gute – und gleichzeitig das Schlechte – an der Branche ist, dass es überall Straßen von sehr schlechtem Zustand gibt. Es gibt weltweit einen riesengroßen Bedarf an funktionierender Straßeninfrastruktur.

Kohlebrecher und Lignin

Der buchstäbliche Kohlebrecher des Unternehmens, ein 8-Tonnen-Metallroboter, der auf einem John Deere-Traktor sitzt, pulverisiert die Straßen, zerkleinert sie zu feinem Kies und bindet dann die Partikel mit dem Lignin. Die Zerkleinerung erfordert nicht nur keine neuen Materialien, sondern macht den Vorgang auch CO2-negativ, da das Lignin Kohlenstoff bindet. (Das Brecherfahrzeug ist derzeit ein Dieselfahrzeug, das Carbon Crusher in naher Zukunft mit Wasserstoff oder Strom antreiben will.)

Nach Angaben des Unternehmens reduziert seine Methode die Emissionen im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Methoden um etwa 3,5 Tonnen pro 30 Meter Straße. Der Kern der Vision ist es, den Planeten von Grau zu Grün zu bewegen.

Carbon Crusher hat in seinem Heimatland Norwegen bereits einen guten Start hingelegt. Im Jahr 2021 meldete das Unternehmen einen Umsatz von 1,5 Millionen US-Dollar und hat seit seiner Gründung daran gearbeitet, 2,5 km² Straßen zu stabilisieren, wodurch 8.605 Tonnen Kohlenstoff entfernt wurden. Es ist geplant, in andere europäische Länder zu expandieren und sogar in die USA zu gehen, die mit 10,6 Millionen Kilometer reparaturbedürftiger Straßen viele Möglichkeiten bieten.

„Die Verbesserung der Infrastruktur steht fast überall ganz oben auf der Agenda“, sagt Brunell. Er ist auch optimistisch, dass sein Unternehmen erschwinglichere Alternativen für Budgetprobleme anbieten könnte. Zusätzlich zu seinen Klimavorteilen ist das Verfahren von Carbon Crusher billiger als herkömmliche Reparaturen, kann unmittelbar nach dem Bau verwendet werden und ist oft langlebiger, da Lignin weniger anfällig für Risse ist. Carbon Crusher hofft auf viele Kunden zum Wohl des Planeten.

„Wir hoffen, dass es bald mehr [Kunden] geben wird“, sagt er. „Weil der Planet es braucht.“

fastcompany.com

Aus Gründen der besseren Lesbarkeit wird auf die gleichzeitige Verwendung der Sprachformen männlich, weiblich und divers (m/w/d) verzichtet. Sämtliche Personenbezeichnungen gelten gleichermaßen für alle Geschlechter.

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